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1- Sample Log file:
Given the log file below, we want to know all http response status code and sort them from the highest amount of response code to the lowest.
2- Use this command below to Count all http response status codes in a web application log files on linux:
awk '{print $9}' sample_log.log | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn
3- Output
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Declaration:
$states=@{“Alberta” = “Calgary”; “British Columbia” = “Vancouver”; “Ontario” = “Toronto” ; “Quebec” = “Montreal”}
| Name _____ |
Value _______ |
| Alberta | Calgary |
| British Columbia | Vancouver |
| Ontario | Toronto |
| Quebec | Montreal |
Add new key-value in hashtable:
$states.Add(“Manitoba”,”Winnipeg”)
Remove key-value in hashtable:
$states.Remove(“Manitoba”,”Winnipeg”)
Change value in hashtable:
$states.Set_Item(“Ontario”,”Ottawa”)
Retrieve value in hashtable:
$states.Get_Item(“Alberta”)
Find key in hashtable:
$states.ContainsKey(“Alberta”)
Find Value in hashtable:
$states.ContainsValue(“Calgary”)
Count items in hashtable:
$states.Count
Sort items by Name in hashtable:
$states.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object Name -descending
Sort items by Value in hashtable:
$states.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object Value -descending
Declaration:
my %hash = (); #Initialize a hash
my $hash_ref = {}; # Initialize a hash reference. ref will return HASH
Clear (or empty) a hash
for (keys %hash)
{
delete $hash{$_};
}
Clear (or empty) a hash reference
for (keys %$href)
{
delete $href->{$_};
}
Add a key/value pair to a hash
$hash{ ‘key’ } = ‘value’; # hash
$hash{ $key } = $value; # hash, using variables
Using Hash Reference
$href->{ ‘key’ } = ‘value’; # hash ref
$href->{ $key } = $value; # hash ref, using variables
Add several key/value pairs to a hash
%hash = ( ‘key1’, ‘value1’, ‘key2’, ‘value2’, ‘key3’, ‘value3’ );
%hash = (
key1 => ‘value1’,
key2 => ‘value2’,
key3 => ‘value3’,
);
Copy a hash
my %hash_copy = %hash; # copy a hash
my $href_copy = $href; # copy a hash ref
Delete a single key/value pair
delete $hash{$key};
delete $hash_ref->{$key};
Hash tables are called dictionary in python.
Declaration:
dict = {‘Name’: ‘Zara’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’}
Accessing Values
print “dict[‘Name’]: “, dict[‘Name’]
print “dict[‘Age’]: “, dict[‘Age’]
Output:
dict[‘Name’]: Zara
dict[‘Age’]: 7
Updating Dictionary
dict = {‘Name’: ‘Zara’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’}
dict[‘Age’] = 8; # update existing entry
dict[‘School’] = “DPS School”; # Add new entry
Delete Dictionary Elements
#!/usr/bin/python
dict = {‘Name’: ‘Zara’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’}
del dict[‘Name’]; # remove entry with key ‘Name’
dict.clear(); # remove all entries in dict
del dict ; # delete entire dictionary
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ls -al | grep filename
GetChildItem | Select-Object “filename”
or
GetChildItem | where-Object {$_ -match “filename”}
Dir | findstr “filename”
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sh-3.2# vi reverse.sh
#### Start Script #####
#!/bin/bash
input_string=”$1″
reverse_string=””
input_string_length=${#input_string}
for (( i=$input_string_length-1; i>=0; i– ))
do
reverse_string=”$reverse_string${input_string:$i:1}”
done
echo “$reverse_string”
##### End Script #####
Let’s run it:
sh-3.2# chmod 775 reverse.sh
sh-3.2# ./reverse.sh Etienne
enneitE
#Let’s use the script reverse.ps1 below.
######
$string=”Etienne”
$string_array=$string -split “”
[array]::Reverse($string_array)
$string_array -join ”
#####Output#####
PS C:\Users\etienne_noumen\Documents\Etienne\Scripting> .\reverse.ps1
E t i e n n e
enneitE
([regex]::Matches($String,’.’,’RightToLeft’) | ForEach {$_.value}) -join ”
::Note: ReverseStr also calls StrLen
::and string length is not greater than 80 chars
:: but can be changed.
@echo off
SetLocal EnableDelayedExpansion
cls
set Str=Etienne
call :StrLen %Str%
echo Length=%Len%
call :ReverseStr %Str%
echo String=%Str%
echo Reverse Str=%Reverse%
exit /b
::—————-
:: Calc Var Length
::—————-
:: %*=Str to Check
:: Returns %Len%
:: —————
:StrLen %*
set Data=%*
for /L %%a in (0,1,80) do (
set Char=!Data:~%%a,1!
if not “!Char!”==”” (
set /a Len=%%a+1
) else (exit /b)
)
exit /b
::—————
:: Reverse String
::—————
:: %* Str to Reverse
:: Returns %Reverse%
::——————
:ReverseStr %*
set Data=%*
call :StrLen %Data%
for /L %%a in (!Len!,-1,0) do (
set Char=!Data:~%%a,1!
set Reverse=!Reverse!!Char!
)
exit /b
def reverse_string(a_string)
return a_string[::-1]
reverse_string(“etienne”) returns “enneite”
Source:
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Listing regular files in a directory without including . and .. files.
Solution 1:$ ls -p | grep -v /
Solution 2: $ ls -F | grep -v ‘[/@=|]’
Solution 3: $for list in `ls` ; do ls -ld $list | grep -v ^d > /dev/null && echo $list ; done ;
Solution4:$ for list in `ls` ; do ls -ld $list | grep ^d > /dev/null || echo $list ; done ;
Solution5 (exclude sym links):$ for list in `ls` ; do ls -ld $list | grep -v ^l > /dev/null && echo $list ; done ;
Solution 1: dir /a-d /b >..\File_List.txt
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read -p “Enter your name: ” name
echo “Hi, $name. Let’s be friend!”
$name=read-host “Enter your name:”
write-host “Hi $name, Let’s be friend!”
Set /p Name=”Enter your name:”
echo “Hi %name%, Let’s be friend!”
print “Enter your name “;
my $name =
chomp $name; # Get rid of newline character at the end
print “Hello $name, let’s be friend”;
name=input(“Enter your name: “)
print (“Hello ” + name + ” let’s be friend”)
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sed “s/$stringToReplace/$replaceWith/g” $File_Name > $File_Name
( get-content $File_Name ) | % { $_ -replace $stringToReplace, $replaceWith } | set-content $File_Name
set str=teh cat in teh hat
echo.%str%
set str=%str:teh=the%
echo.%str%
Script Output:
teh cat in teh hat
the cat in the hat
perl -pi.orig -e “s/
Source:
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lynx http://google.ca
If you don’t have lynx on your linux installation, you will have to install it. On Linux Red hat, install it like this:
yum list lynx (to check the availability of the package)
yum -y install lynx (to install the package)
you can also use: curl -0 http://yoursite/index.html to get the source code of a specific file.
start /max http://google.ca
Will open the url using your default browser.
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What is a core in a CPU?
In summary, a core is a small CPU or processor built into a big CPU or CPU socket. It can independently perform or process all computational tasks. From this perspective, we can consider a core to be a smaller CPU or a smaller processor within a big processor.
Today, CPUs have been two and 18 cores, each of which can work on a different task. A core can work on one task, while another core works a different task, so the more cores a CPU has, the more efficient it is.
Open a command prompt (Windows) or Terminal (Linux) and type:
What does 4 CPU cores mean?
A quad-core CPU has four processing cores in a single chip. It is similar to a dual-core CPU, but has four separate processors (rather than two), which can process instructions at the same time.
