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What is the tech stack behind Google Search Engine?
Google Search is one of the most popular search engines on the web, handling over 3.5 billion searches per day. But what is the tech stack that powers Google Search?
The PageRank algorithm is at the heart of Google Search. This algorithm was developed by Google co-founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin and patented in 1998. It ranks web pages based on their quality and importance, taking into account things like incoming links from other websites. The PageRank algorithm has been constantly evolving over the years, and it continues to be a key part of Google Search today.
However, the PageRank algorithm is just one part of the story. The Google Search Engine also relies on a sophisticated infrastructure of servers and data centers spread around the world. This infrastructure enables Google to crawl and index billions of web pages quickly and efficiently. Additionally, Google has developed a number of proprietary technologies to further improve the quality of its search results. These include technologies like Spell Check, SafeSearch, and Knowledge Graph.
The technology stack that powers the Google Search Engine is immensely complex, and includes a number of sophisticated algorithms, technologies, and infrastructure components. At the heart of the system is the PageRank algorithm, which ranks pages based on a number of factors, including the number and quality of links to the page. The algorithm is constantly being refined and updated, in order to deliver more relevant and accurate results. In addition to the PageRank algorithm, Google also uses a number of other algorithms, including the Latent Semantic Indexing algorithm, which helps to index and retrieve documents based on their meaning. The search engine also makes use of a massive infrastructure, which includes hundreds of thousands of servers around the world. While google is the dominant player in the search engine market, there are a number of other well-established competitors, such as Microsoft’s Bing search engine and Duck Duck Go.
The original Google algorithm was called PageRank, named after inventor Larry Page (though, fittingly, the algorithm does rank web pages).
After 17 years of work by many software engineers, researchers, and statisticians, Google search uses algorithms upon algorithms upon algorithms.
https://bazel.build is an other open source framework which is heavily used all across Google including for Search.
Google has general information on you, the kinds of things you might like, the sites you frequent, etc. When it fetches search results, they get ranked, and this personal info is used to adjust the rankings, resulting in different search results for each user.
At a basic level, all search engines have something like an inverted index, so you can look up words and associated documents. There may also be a forward index.
One way of constructing such an index is by stemming words. Stemming is done with an algorithm than boils down words to their basic root. The most famous stemming algorithm is the Porter stemmer.
However, there are other approaches. One is to build n-grams, sequences of n letters, so that you can do partial matching. You often would choose multiple n’s, and thus have multiple indexes, since some n-letter combinations are common (e.g., “th”) for small n’s, but larger values of n undermine the intent.
don’t know that we can say “nothing absolute is known”. Look at misspellings. Google can resolve a lot of them. This isn’t surprising; we’ve had spellcheckers for at least 40 years. However, the less common a misspelling, the harder it is for Google to catch.
One cool thing about Google is that they have been studying and collecting data on searches for more than 20 years. I don’t mean that they have been studying searching or search engines (although they have been), but that they have been studying how people search. They process several billion search queries each day. They have developed models of what people really want, which often isn’t what they say they want. That’s why they track every click you make on search results… well, that and the fact that they want to build effective models for ad placement.
Each year, Google changes its search algorithm around 500–600 times. While most of these changes are minor, Google occasionally rolls out a “major” algorithmic update (such as Google Panda and Google Penguin) that affects search results in significant ways.
For search marketers, knowing the dates of these Google updates can help explain changes in rankings and organic website traffic and ultimately improve search engine optimization. Below, we’ve listed the major algorithmic changes that have had the biggest impact on search.
It took a starting page and added all the unique (if the word occurred more than once on the page, it was only counted once) words on the page to the index or incremented the index count if it was already in the index.
The page was indexed by the number of references the algorithm found to the specific page. So each time the system found a link to the page on a newly discovered page, the page count was incremented.
When you did a search, the system would identify all the pages with those words on it and show you the ones that had the most links to them.
As people searched and visited pages from the search results, Google would also track the pages that people would click to from the search page. Those that people clicked would also be identified as a better quality match for that set of search terms. If the person quickly came back to the search page and clicked another link, the match quality would be reduced.
Now, Google is using natural language processing, a method of trying to guess what the user really wants. From that it it finds similar words that might give a better set of results based on searches done by millions of other people like you. It might assume that you really meant this other word instead of the word you used in your search terms. It might just give you matches in the list with those other words as well as the words you provided.
It really all boils down to the fact that Google has been monitoring a lot of people doing searches for a very long time. It has a huge list of websites and search terms that have done the job for a lot of people.
There are a lot of proprietary algorithms, but the real magic is that they’ve been watching you and everyone else for a very long time.
What programming language powers Google’s search engine core?
C++, mostly. There are little bits in other languages, but the core of both the indexing system and the serving system is C++.
Originally Answered: Why “Google” is not shown as search result when one googles for “Search Engine”?
Our ranking algorithm simply doesn’t rank google.com highly for the query “search engine.” There is not a single, simple reason why this is the case. If I had to guess, I would say that people who type “search engine” into Google are usually looking for general information about search engines or about alternative search engines, and neither query is well-answered by listing google.com.
To be clear, we have never manually altered the search results for this (or any other) specific query.
When I tried the query “search engine” on Bing, the results were similar; bing.com was #5 and google.com was #6.
The basic idea is using an inverted index. This means for each word keeping a list of documents on the web that contain it.
Responding to a query corresponds to retrieval of the matching documents (This is basically done by intersecting the lists for the corresponding query words), processing the documents (extracting quality signals corresponding to the doc, query pair), ranking the documents (using document quality signals like Page Rank and query signals and query/doc signals) then returning the top 10 documents.
Here are some tricks for doing the retrieval part efficiently: – distribute the whole thing over thousands and thousands of machines – do it in memory – caching – looking first at the query word with the shortest document list – keeping the documents in the list in reverse PageRank order so that we can stop early once we find enough good quality matches – keep lists for pairs of words that occur frequently together – shard by document id, this way the load is somewhat evenly distributed and the intersection is done in parallel – compress messages that are sent across the network etc
Jeff Dean in this great talk explains quite a few bits of the internal Google infrastructure. He mentions a few of the previous ideas in the talk.
He goes through the evolution of the Google Search Serving Design and through MapReduce while giving general advice about building large scale systems.
As for complexity, it’s pretty hard to analyze because of all the moving parts, but Jeff mentions that the the latency per query is about 0.2 s and that each query touches on average 1000 computers.
LaMDA is Google’s latest artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot. Blake Lemoine, a Google AI engineer, has claimed it is sentient. He’s been put on leave after publishing his conversations with LaMDA.
If Lemoine’s claims are true, it would be a milestone in the history of humankind and technological development.
Google strongly denies LaMDA has any sentient capacity.
Baidu is popular in China, Yandex is popular in Russia.
Yandex is great for reverse image searches, google just can’t compete with yandex in that category.
Normal Google reverse search is a joke (except for finding a bigger version of a pic, it’s good for that), but Google Lens can be as good or sometimes better at finding similar images or locations than Yandex depending on the image type. Always good to try both, and also Bing can be decent sometimes.
Bing has been profitable since 2015 even with less than 3% of the market share. So just imagine how much money Google is taking in.
Firstly: Yahoo, DuckDuckGo, Ecosia, etc. all use Bing to get their search results. Which means Bing’s usage is more than the 3% indicated.
Secondly: This graph shows overall market share (phones and PCs). But, search engines make most of their money on desktop searches due to more screen space for ads. And Bing’s market share on desktop is WAY bigger, its market share on phones is ~0%. It’s American desktop market share is 10-15%. That is where the money is.
What you are saying is in fact true though. We make trillions of web searches – which means even three percent market-share equals billions of hits and a ton of money.
I like duck duck go. And they have good privacy features. I just wish their maps were better because if I’m searching a local restaurant nothing is easier than google to transition from the search to the map to the webpage for the company. But for informative searches I think it gives a more objective, less curated return.
Use Ecosia and profits go to reforestation efforts!
Turns out people don’t care about their privacy, especially if it gets them results.
I recently switched to using brave browser and duck duck go and I basically can’t tell the difference in using Google and chrome.
The only times I’ve needed to use Google are for really specific searches where duck duck go doesn’t always seem to give the expected results. But for daily browsing it’s absolutely fine and far far better for privacy.
Does Google Search have the most complex functionality hiding behind a simple looking UI?
There is a lot that happens between the moment a user types something in the input field and when they get their results.
Google Search has a high-level overview, but the gist of it is that there are dozens of sub systems involved and they all work extremely fast. The general idea is that search is going to process the query, try to understand what the user wants to know/accomplish, rank these possibilities, prepare a results page that reflects this and render it on the user’s device.
I would not qualify the UI of simple. Yes, the initial state looks like a single input field on an otherwise empty page. But there is already a lot going on in that input field and how it’s presented to the user. And then, as soon as the user interacts with the field, for instance as they start typing, there’s a ton of other things that happen – Search is able to pre-populate suggested queries really fast. Plus there’s a whole “syntax” to search with operators and what not, there’s many different modes (image, news, etc…).
One recent iteration of Google search is Google Lens: Google Lens interface is even simpler than the single input field: just take a picture with your phone! But under the hood a lot is going on. Source.
Conclusion:
The Google search engine is a remarkable feat of engineering, and its capabilities are only made possible by the use of cutting-edge technology. At the heart of the Google search engine is the PageRank algorithm, which is used to rank web pages in order of importance. This algorithm takes into account a variety of factors, including the number and quality of links to a given page. In order to effectively crawl and index the billions of web pages on the internet, Google has developed a sophisticated infrastructure that includes tens of thousands of servers located around the world. This infrastructure enables Google to rapidly process search queries and deliver relevant results to users in a matter of seconds. While Google is the dominant player in the search engine market, there are a number of other search engines that compete for users, including Bing and Duck Duck Go. However, none of these competitors have been able to replicate the success of Google, due in large part to the company’s unrivaled technological capabilities.
Watching YouTube on my phone or tablet? Ads are annoying but manageable. Cast to my smart TV, though? It’s like I entered the Twilight Zone of advertising. First of all, Bearskin. WHO IS BUYING THIS STUFF? I’ve never seen this ad on my phone or tablet, but on my TV? It’s the star of the show. I swear, Bearskin must think I’m building a log cabin in the woods because it shows up every time I turn on YouTube. But that’s not the worst part. The ad lengths? ABSURD. I’ve had ads that go over an hour. One time, I napped, woke up, and my video hadn’t even started because I was still trapped in ad jail. And the final boss? A six-hour ad. Yes, SIX HOURS. submitted by /u/freezing90 [link] [comments]
OnePlus Offering Free Lifetime Screen Replacement for Green Line Issues. Should Google and Samsung offer the same? OnePlus Sets New Standard with Lifetime Warranty for screen replacement. Applicable retroactively! submitted by /u/Dexter01010 [link] [comments]
मित्रांनो , मी समीर एक सामग्री लेखक. कदाचित या जगात माझ्यासारखेच दिसणारे काही लोक असतील. असे तुमच्या बाबतीत कधी घडले का कि तुम्ही जुळे भाऊ…Continue reading on Medium »
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I alredy set my birthday but when i ask to google assistant it says something like go add from asistant options. Also i am using the asistant on my phone not the google home thing. submitted by /u/Abject_Research_9336 [link] [comments]
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This happened yesterday right after 1 year warranty. I pre ordered this for my dad. What to do? This might cost a lot to repair. Anyone have an idea. Reached out to google support but my dad is in India, I live in US. submitted by /u/Fuzzy-Maximum-8160 [link] [comments]
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My mom owned my google acc since 2015, when I was underage, but when I was older she allowed me to use it with supervision. I am over 13, will it get deleted? I am scared since when my mother had it, I was underage Same worry about my youtube submitted by /u/TastyHyena4534 [link] [comments]
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Following on from here https://www.reddit.com/r/pixelbuds/s/l9GxyVsMNW My left bud was not and still not charging and I followed the advice given my Google tech support online and he provided me instructions on how to reset the buds and case. I made sure the support knew the situation was the battery in left bud had no life and couldn't charge. His advice was to reset the buds and case and after having made my phone forget the Bluetooth device it was not able to be pairwd with my phone again because the left one had no battery to be able to enter pairing mode. I told him what was happening and he wouldn't put me through to someone else. I ended that conversation and spoke with someone else from Google over the phone and they offered me £100 Google store credit to would be applied in 24-48 hours. Today (Friday) I used online chat chat and asked where my store credit is so that I could get a replacement set of A series buds. She couldn't find a record of that conversation. I rang them up again and explained the situation and after the guy found the record he told me it was £25 credit not £100. After some back and forth he put me through to a supervisor who although understood why I was so upset he would not budge from £25 store credit because my headphones are out of warranty. I repeatedly told him that this situation only happened because I followed the tech support advice who made matters worse for me and my issue was because I followed this guy's instructions I am left without my buds pro which cost me £220 when new. The supervisor would not move from £25 and I feel very unhappy because I am left with a lovely paper weight and Google will not do the right thing in replacing me a device for the one the instructed me on how to brick by resetting it when it had no battery. £25 will get me no where, not even 25% of a pixel A series which I would of accepted as a replacement. But no they will not move and I am out of patience for incompetent tech support and the cold blooded nature of the supervisor who won't even put the mistake right by the members of his team. I for one will be thinking very carefully if I continue to use Google for anything. I accept the buds pro are out of warranty but I did not expect the guy I spoke with originally to teach me how to brick the device and then be all coy about it after. This leaves a very sour taste and I would appreciate it Google will help put this situation right. Imagine taking your 3 year old car to the garage and then you go to collect it and it's a right off. Unacceptable from Google and I demand justice for me buds pro! submitted by /u/SteveAdams86 [link] [comments]
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Have a question you need answered? A new Google product you want to talk about? Ask away here! Recently, we at /r/Google have noticed a large number of support questions being asked. For a long time, we’ve removed these posts and directed the users to other subreddits, like /r/techsupport. However, we feel that users should be able to ask their Google-related questions here. These monthly threads serve as a hub for all of the support you need, as well as discussion about any Google products. Please note! Top level comments must be related to the topics discussed above. Any comments made off-topic will be removed at the discretion of the Moderator team. Discord Server We have made a Discord Server for more in-depth discussions relating to Google and for quicker response to tech support questions. submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]
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