How does a database handle pagination?
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It doesn’t. First, a database is a collection of related data, so I assume you mean DBMS or database language.
Second, pagination is generally a function of the front-end and/or middleware, not the database layer.
But some database languages provide helpful facilities that aide in implementing pagination. For example, many SQL dialects provide LIMIT and OFFSET clauses that can be used to emit up to n rows starting at a given row number. I.e., a “page” of rows. If the query results are sorted via ORDER BY and are generally unchanged between successive invocations, then that can be used to implement pagination.
That may not be the most efficient or effective implementation, though.
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So how do you propose pagination should be done?
On context of web apps , let’s say there are 100 mn users. One cannot dump all the users in response.
Cache database query results in the middleware layer using Redis or similar and serve out pages of rows from that.
What if you have 30, 000 rows plus, do you fetch all of that from the database and cache in Redis?
I feel the most efficient solution is still offset and limit. It doesn’t make sense to use a database and then end up putting all of your data in Redis especially data that changes a lot. Redis is not for storing all of your data.
If you have large data set, you should use offset and limit, getting only what is needed from the database into main memory (and maybe caching those in Redis) at any point in time is very efficient.
With 30,000 rows in a table, if offset/limit is the only viable or appropriate restriction, then that’s sometimes the way to go.
More often, there’s a much better way of restricting 30,000 rows via some search criteria that significantly reduces the displayed volume of rows — ideally to a single page or a few pages (which are appropriate to cache in Redis.)
It’s unlikely (though it does happen) that users really want to casually browse 30,000 rows, page by page. More often, they want this one record, or these small number of records.
Question: This is a general question that applies to MySQL, Oracle DB or whatever else might be out there.
I know for MySQL there is LIMIT offset,size; and for Oracle there is ‘ROW_NUMBER’ or something like that.
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But when such ‘paginated’ queries are called back to back, does the database engine actually do the entire ‘select’ all over again and then retrieve a different subset of results each time? Or does it do the overall fetching of results only once, keeps the results in memory or something, and then serves subsets of results from it for subsequent queries based on offset and size?
If it does the full fetch every time, then it seems quite inefficient.
If it does full fetch only once, it must be ‘storing’ the query somewhere somehow, so that the next time that query comes in, it knows that it has already fetched all the data and just needs to extract next page from it. In that case, how will the database engine handle multiple threads? Two threads executing the same query?
something will be quick or slow without taking measurements, and complicate the code in advance to download 12 pages at once and cache them because “it seems to me that it will be faster”.
Answer: First of all, do not make assumptions in advance whether something will be quick or slow without taking measurements, and complicate the code in advance to download 12 pages at once and cache them because “it seems to me that it will be faster”.
YAGNI principle – the programmer should not add functionality until deemed necessary.
Do it in the simplest way (ordinary pagination of one page), measure how it works on production, if it is slow, then try a different method, if the speed is satisfactory, leave it as it is.
From my own practice – an application that retrieves data from a table containing about 80,000 records, the main table is joined with 4-5 additional lookup tables, the whole query is paginated, about 25-30 records per page, about 2500-3000 pages in total. Database is Oracle 12c, there are indexes on a few columns, queries are generated by Hibernate. Measurements on production system at the server side show that an average time (median – 50% percentile) of retrieving one page is about 300 ms. 95% percentile is less than 800 ms – this means that 95% of requests for retrieving a single page is less that 800ms, when we add a transfer time from the server to the user and a rendering time of about 0.5-1 seconds, the total time is less than 2 seconds. That’s enough, users are happy.
And some theory – see this answer to know what is purpose of Pagination pattern
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- Computability by N. J. Cutland
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- Masters of Doom
- Pragmatic Unit Testing in C# with NUnit by Andy Hunt and Dave Thomas with Matt Hargett
- How To Solve It by George Polya
- The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho
- Smalltalk-80: The Language and its Implementation
- Writing Secure Code (2nd Edition) by Michael Howard
- Introduction to Functional Programming by Philip Wadler and Richard Bird
- No Bugs! by David Thielen
- Rework by Jason Freid and DHH
- JUnit in Action
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Top 1000 Canada Quiz and trivia: CANADA CITIZENSHIP TEST- HISTORY - GEOGRAPHY - GOVERNMENT- CULTURE - PEOPLE - LANGUAGES - TRAVEL - WILDLIFE - HOCKEY - TOURISM - SCENERIES - ARTS - DATA VISUALIZATION
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Top 1000 Africa Quiz and trivia: HISTORY - GEOGRAPHY - WILDLIFE - CULTURE - PEOPLE - LANGUAGES - TRAVEL - TOURISM - SCENERIES - ARTS - DATA VISUALIZATION
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Exploring the Pros and Cons of Visiting All Provinces and Territories in Canada.
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Exploring the Advantages and Disadvantages of Visiting All 50 States in the USA
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Health Health, a science-based community to discuss health news and the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic
- The pull-out method: Why this common contraceptive fails to deliverby /u/Kampala_Dispatch on July 26, 2024 at 7:51 pm
submitted by /u/Kampala_Dispatch [link] [comments]
- Health Canada data reveals surprising number of adverse cannabis reactions (spoiler: it's small)by /u/carajuana_readit on July 26, 2024 at 5:49 pm
submitted by /u/carajuana_readit [link] [comments]
- Online portals deliver scary health news before doctors can weigh inby /u/washingtonpost on July 26, 2024 at 4:37 pm
submitted by /u/washingtonpost [link] [comments]
- Vaccine 'sharply cuts risk of dementia' new study findsby /u/SubstantialSnow7114 on July 26, 2024 at 1:53 pm
submitted by /u/SubstantialSnow7114 [link] [comments]
- Calls to limit sexual partners as mpox makes a resurgence in Australiaby /u/boppinmule on July 26, 2024 at 12:31 pm
submitted by /u/boppinmule [link] [comments]
Today I Learned (TIL) You learn something new every day; what did you learn today? Submit interesting and specific facts about something that you just found out here.
- TIL that in Thailand, if your spouse cheats on you, you can legally sue their lover for damages and can receive up to 5,000,000 THB ($140,000 USD) or more under Section 1523 of the Thai Civil and Commercial Codeby /u/Mavrokordato on July 26, 2024 at 6:57 pm
submitted by /u/Mavrokordato [link] [comments]
- TIL that with a population of 170 million people, Bangladesh is the most populous country to have never won a medal at the Olympic Games.by /u/Blackraven2007 on July 26, 2024 at 6:49 pm
submitted by /u/Blackraven2007 [link] [comments]
- TIL a psychologist got himself admitted to a mental hospital by claiming he heard the words "empty", "hollow" and "thud" in his head. Then, it took him two months to convince them he was sane, after agreeing he was insane and accepting medication.by /u/Hadeverse-050 on July 26, 2024 at 6:44 pm
submitted by /u/Hadeverse-050 [link] [comments]
- TIL Senator John Edwards of NC, USA cheated on his wife and had a child with another woman. He tried to deny it but eventually caved and admitted his mistake. He used campaign funds and was indicted by a grand jury. His life story inspired the show "The Good Wife" by Robert & Michelle Kingby /u/AdvisorPast637 on July 26, 2024 at 6:09 pm
submitted by /u/AdvisorPast637 [link] [comments]
- TIL Zhang Shuhong was a Chinese businessman who committed suicide after toys made at his factory for Fisher-Price (a division of Mattel) were found to contain lead paintby /u/Hopeful-Candle-4884 on July 26, 2024 at 4:43 pm
submitted by /u/Hopeful-Candle-4884 [link] [comments]
Reddit Science This community is a place to share and discuss new scientific research. Read about the latest advances in astronomy, biology, medicine, physics, social science, and more. Find and submit new publications and popular science coverage of current research.
- Human decision makers who possess the authority to override ML predictions may impede the self-correction of discriminatory models and even induce initially unbiased models to become discriminatory with timeby /u/f1u82ypd on July 26, 2024 at 6:29 pm
submitted by /u/f1u82ypd [link] [comments]
- Study uses Game of Thrones (GOT) to advance understanding of face blindness: Psychologists have used the TV series GOT to understand how the brain enables us to recognise faces. Their findings provide new insights into prosopagnosia or face blindness, a condition that impairs facial recognition.by /u/AnnaMouse247 on July 26, 2024 at 5:14 pm
submitted by /u/AnnaMouse247 [link] [comments]
- Specific genes may be related to the trajectory of recovery for stroke survivors, study finds. Researchers say genetic variants were strongly associated with depression, PTSD and cognitive health outcomes. Findings may provide useful insights for developing targeted therapies.by /u/AnnaMouse247 on July 26, 2024 at 5:08 pm
submitted by /u/AnnaMouse247 [link] [comments]
- New experimental drug shows promise in clearing HIV from brain: originally developed to treat cancer, study finds that by targeting infected cells in the brain, drug may clear virus from hidden areas that have been a major challenge in HIV treatment.by /u/AnnaMouse247 on July 26, 2024 at 4:57 pm
submitted by /u/AnnaMouse247 [link] [comments]
- Rapid diagnosis sepsis tests could decrease result wait times from days to hours, researchers report in Natureby /u/Science_News on July 26, 2024 at 3:50 pm
submitted by /u/Science_News [link] [comments]
Reddit Sports Sports News and Highlights from the NFL, NBA, NHL, MLB, MLS, and leagues around the world.
- Charles Barkley leaves door open to post-TNT job optionsby /u/PrincessBananas85 on July 26, 2024 at 8:47 pm
submitted by /u/PrincessBananas85 [link] [comments]
- Report: Nuggets sign Westbrook to 2-year, $6.8M dealby /u/Oldtimer_2 on July 26, 2024 at 8:13 pm
submitted by /u/Oldtimer_2 [link] [comments]
- Dolphins signing Tua to 4-year, $212.4M extensionby /u/Oldtimer_2 on July 26, 2024 at 8:09 pm
submitted by /u/Oldtimer_2 [link] [comments]
- Rams cornerback Derion Kendrick suffers season-ending torn ACLby /u/Oldtimer_2 on July 26, 2024 at 8:06 pm
submitted by /u/Oldtimer_2 [link] [comments]
- Hosting the Olympics has become financially untenable, economists sayby /u/toaster_strudel_ on July 26, 2024 at 7:34 pm
submitted by /u/toaster_strudel_ [link] [comments]