Longevity gene therapy and AI – What is on the horizon?

Longevity gene therapy and AI – What is on the horizon?

Gene therapy holds promise for extending human lifespan and enhancing healthspan by targeting genes associated with aging processes. Longevity gene therapy, particularly interventions focusing on genes like TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase), Klotho, and Myostatin, is at the forefront of experimental research. Companies such as Bioviva, Libella, and Minicircle are pioneering these interventions, albeit with varying degrees of transparency and scientific rigor.

TERT, Klotho, and Myostatin in Longevity

• TERT: The TERT gene encodes for an enzyme essential in telomere maintenance, which is linked to cellular aging. Overexpression of TERT in model organisms has shown potential in lengthening telomeres, potentially delaying aging.
• Klotho: This gene plays a crucial role in regulating aging and lifespan. Klotho protein has been associated with multiple protective effects against age-related diseases.
• Myostatin: Known for its role in regulating muscle growth, inhibiting Myostatin can result in increased muscle mass and strength, which could counteract some age-related physical decline.

The Experimental Nature of Longevity Gene Therapy

The application of gene therapy for longevity remains largely experimental. Most available data come from preclinical studies, primarily in animal models. Human data are scarce, raising questions about efficacy, safety, and potential long-term effects. The ethical implications of these experimental treatments, especially in the absence of robust data, are significant, touching on issues of access, consent, and potential unforeseen consequences.

Companies Offering Longevity Gene Therapy

• Bioviva: Notably involved in this field, Bioviva has been vocal about its endeavors in gene therapy for aging. While they have published some data from mouse studies, human data remain limited.
• Libella and Minicircle: These companies also offer longevity gene therapies but face similar challenges in providing comprehensive human data to back their claims.

Industry Perspective vs. Public Discourse

The discourse around longevity gene therapy is predominantly shaped by those within the industry, such as Liz Parrish of Bioviva and Bryan Johnson. While their insights are valuable, they may also be biased towards promoting their interventions. The lack of widespread discussion on platforms like Reddit and Twitter, especially from independent sources or those outside the industry, points to a need for greater transparency and peer-reviewed research.

Ethical and Regulatory Considerations

The ethical and regulatory landscape for gene therapy is complex, particularly for treatments aimed at non-disease conditions like aging. The experimental status of longevity gene therapies raises significant ethical questions, particularly around informed consent and the potential long-term impacts. Regulatory bodies are tasked with balancing the potential benefits of such innovative treatments against the risks and ethical concerns, requiring a robust framework for clinical trials and approval processes.

Longevity Gene Therapy and AI

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into longevity gene therapy represents a groundbreaking intersection of biotechnology and computational sciences. AI and machine learning algorithms are increasingly employed to decipher complex biological data, predict the impacts of genetic modifications, and optimize therapy designs. In the context of longevity gene therapy, AI can analyze vast datasets from genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to identify new therapeutic targets, understand the intricate mechanisms of aging, and predict individual responses to gene therapies. This computational power enables researchers to simulate the effects of gene editing or modulation before actual clinical application, enhancing the precision and safety of therapies. Furthermore, AI-driven platforms facilitate the personalized tailoring of gene therapy interventions, taking into account the unique genetic makeup of each individual, which is crucial for effective and minimally invasive treatment strategies. The synergy between AI and longevity gene therapy accelerates the pace of discovery and development in this field, promising more rapid translation of research findings into clinical applications that could extend human healthspan and lifespan.

Moving Forward

For longevity gene therapy to advance from experimental to accepted medical practice, several key developments are needed:

• Robust Human Clinical Trials: Rigorous, peer-reviewed clinical trials involving human participants are essential to establish the safety and efficacy of gene therapies for longevity.
• Transparency and Peer Review: Open sharing of data and peer-reviewed publication of results can help build credibility and foster a more informed public discourse.
• Ethical and Regulatory Frameworks: Developing clear ethical guidelines and regulatory pathways for these therapies will be crucial in ensuring they are deployed responsibly.

The future of longevity gene therapy is fraught with challenges but also holds immense promise. As the field evolves, a multidisciplinary approach involving scientists, ethicists, regulators, and the public will be crucial in realizing its potential in a responsible and beneficial manner.

Longevity gene therapy and AI: Annex

What are the top 10 most promising potential longevity therapies being researched?

I think the idea of treating aging as a disease that’s treatable and preventable in some ways is a really necessary focus. The OP works with some of the world’s top researchers using HBOT as part of that process to increase oxygen in the blood and open new pathways in the brain to address cognitive decline and increase HealthSpan (vs. just lifespan). Pretty cool stuff!

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HBOT in longevity research stands for “hyperbaric oxygen therapy.” It has been the subject of research for its potential effects on healthy aging. Several studies have shown that HBOT can target aging hallmarks, including telomere shortening and senescent cell accumulation, at the cellular level. For example, a prospective trial found that HBOT can significantly modulate the pathophysiology of skin aging in a healthy aging population, indicating effects such as angiogenesis and senescent cell clearance. Additionally, research has demonstrated that HBOT may induce significant senolytic effects, including increasing telomere length and decreasing senescent cell accumulation in aging adults. The potential of HBOT in healthy aging and its implications for longevity are still being explored, and further research is needed to fully understand its effects and potential applications.

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2- Are they also looking into HBOT as a treatment for erectile dysfunction?

Definitely! Dr. Shai Efrati has been doing research around that and had a study published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine. Dr. Efrati and his team found that 80% of men “reported improved erections” after HBOT therapy: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41443-018-0023-9

3- I think cellular reprogramming seems to be one of the most promising approaches https://www.lifespan.io/topic/yamanaka-factors/

4-Next-gen senolytics (eg, Rubedo, Oisin, Deciduous).

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Cellular rejuvenation aka partial reprogramming (as someone else already said) but not just by Yamanaka (OSKM) factors or cocktail variants but also by other novel Yamanaka-factor alternatives.

Stem cell secretions.

Treatments for aging extra-cellular matrix (ECM).

5- Rapamycin is the most promising short term.

I see a lot of people saying reprogramming, and I think the idea is promising but as someone who worked on reprogramming cells in vitro I can tell you that any proof of concepts in vivo large animal models is far aways.

6- Blood focused therapies ( dilution, plasma refactoring, e5, exosomes) perhaps look at yuvan research.

7- I think plasmapheresis is a technology most likely to be proven beneficial in the near term and also a technology that can be scaled and offered for reasonable prices.

8- Bioelectricity, if we succeed in interpreting the code of electrical signals By which cells communicate , we can control any tissue growth and development including organs regeneration

9- Gene therapy and reprogramming will blow the lid off the maximum lifespan. Turning longevity genes on/expressing proteins that repair cellular damage and reversing epigenetic changes that occur with aging.

10- I don’t think anything currently being researched (that we know of) has the potential to take us to immortality. That’ll likely end up requiring some pretty sophisticated nanotechnology. However, the important part isn’t getting to immortality, but getting to LEV. In that respect, I’d say senolytics and stem cell treatments are both looking pretty promising. (And can likely achieve more in combination than on their own.)

11- Spiroligomers to remove glucosepane from the ECM.

12- Yuvan Research. Look up the recent paper they have with Steve Horvath on porcine plasma fractions.

13- This OP thinks most of the therapies being researched will end up having insignificant effects. The only thing that looks promising to me is new tissue grown from injected stem cells or outright organ replacement. Nothing else will address DNA damage, which results in gene loss, disregulation of gene expression, and loss of suppression of transposable elements.

14- A couple that haven’t been mentioned:

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Cancer:

• The killer T-cells that target MR-1 and seem to be able to find and kill all common cancer types.

• Also Maia Biotech’s THIO (“WILT 2.0”)

Mitochondria: Mitochondrial infusion that lasts or the allotopic expression of the remaining proteins SENS is working on.

15- Look for first updates coming from altos labs.

Altos Labs is a biotechnology research company focused on unraveling the deep biology of cell rejuvenation to reverse disease and develop life extension therapies that can halt or reverse the human aging process. The company’s goal is to increase the “healthspan” of humans, with longevity extension being an “accidental consequence” of their work. Altos Labs is dedicated to restoring cell health and resilience through cell rejuvenation to reverse disease, injury, and disabilities that can occur throughout life. The company is working on specialized cell therapies based on induced pluripotent stem cells to achieve these objectives. Altos Labs is known for its atypical focus on basic research without immediate prospects of a commercially viable product, and it has attracted significant investment, including a $3 billion funding round in January 2022. The company’s research is based on the fundamental biology of cell rejuvenation, aiming to understand and harness the ability of cells to resist stressors that give rise to disease, particularly in the context of aging.

16– not so much a “therapy” but I think research into growing human organs may be very promising long term. Being able to get organ transplants made from your own cells means zero rejection issues and no limitations of supply for transplants. Near term drugs like rampamycin show good potential for slowing the aging process and are in human trials.

What is biological reprogramming technology?

Biological reprogramming technology involves the process of converting specialized cells into a pluripotent state, which can then be directed to become a different cell type. This technology has significant implications for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery. It is based on the concept that a cell’s identity is defined by the gene regulatory networks that are active in the cell, and these networks can be controlled by transcription factors. Reprogramming can be achieved through various methods, including the introduction of exogenous factors such as transcription factors. The process of reprogramming involves the erasure and remodeling of epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, to reset the cell’s epigenetic memory, allowing it to be directed to different cell fates. This technology has the potential to create new cells for regenerative medicine and to provide insights into the fundamental basis of cell identity and disease.

See also

• Gene Therapy Basics for foundational understanding of gene therapy techniques and applications.
•  [Aging and Longevity Research]
• Bryan Johnson, a 45-year-old biotech founder, hopes to rewind the clock of his body a few decades through a program he started, called Project Blueprint.

Links to external Longevity-related sites

AgingBiotech.info

LongevityList

Longevity Wiki

Outline of Life Extension on Wikipedia

Index of life extension related Wikipedia articles

Accelerate cure for Alzheimers
Aging in Motion
Aging Matters
Aging Portfolio
Alliance for Aging Research
Alliance for Regenerative Medicine
American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine
American Aging Association
American Federation for Aging Research
American Society on Aging
Blue Zones – /r/BlueZones
Brain Preservation Foundation
British Society for Research on Aging
Calico Labs
Caloric Restriction Society
Church of Perpetual Life
Coalition for Radical Life Extension
Cohbar
Dog Aging Project
ELPI Foundation for Indefinite Lifespan
Fight Aging! Blog
Found My Fitness
Friends of NIA
Gerontology Wiki
Geroscience.com
Global Healthspan Policy Institute
Health Extension
Healthspan Campaign
HEALES
Humanity+ magazine
Humanity+ wiki
International Cell Senescence Association
International Longevity Alliance
International Longevity Centre Global Alliance
International Society on Aging and Disease
Juvena Therapeutics
Leucadia Therapeutics
LEVF
Life Extension Advocacy Foundation
Life Extension Foundation
Lifeboat Foundation
Lifespan.io
Longevity History
Longevity Vision Fund
LongLongLife
Loyal for Dogs Lysoclear
MDI Biological Laboratory
Methuselah Foundation
Metrobiotech
New Organ Alliance
Nuchido
Oisin Biotechnologies
Organ Preservation Alliance
Palo Alto Longevity Prize
Rejuvenaction Blog
Rubedo Life Sciences
Samumed
Senolytx
SENS
Stealth BioTherapeutics
The War On Aging
Unity Biotechnologies
Water Bear Lair

Good Informational Sites:

Programmed Aging Info
Senescence Info
Experimental Gerontology Journal
Mechanisms of Ageing and Development Journal

Schools and Academic Institutions:

Where to do a PhD on aging – a list of labs

Alabama Research Institute on Aging
UT Barshop Institute
Biogerontology Research Foundation
Buck Institute
Columbia Aging Center
Gerontology Research Group
Huffington Center on Aging
Institute for Aging Research – Harvard
Iowa State University Gerontology
Josh Mitteldorf
Longevity Consortium
Max Planck Institute for Biology of Aging – Germany
MIT Agelab
National Institute on Aging
Paul F. Glenn Center for Aging Research – University of Michigan
PennState Center for Healthy Aging
Princeton Longevity Center
Regenerative Sciences Institute
Kogod Center on Aging – Mayo clinic
Salk Institute
Stanford Center on Longevity
Stanford Brunet Lab
Supercenterian Research Foundation
Texas A&M Center for translational research on aging
Gerontological Society of America
Tufts Human Nutrition and Aging Research
UAMS Donald Reynolds Center on Aging
UCLA Longevity Center
UCSF Memory and Aging Center
UIC Center for research on health and aging
University of Iowa Center on Aging
University of Maryland Center for research on aging
University of Washington Biology of Aging
USC School of Gerontology
Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine
Yale Center for Research on Aging

A Daily Chronicle of AI Innovations in February 2024

• LLM agents can autonomously exploit one-day vulnerabilities
  by /u/UpvoteBeast (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 27, 2024 at 5:53 am

  Researchers presented AI agents with security vulnerabilities and prompted them to exploit these . A GPT-4 agent was successful in autonomously exploiting 87% of the tested vulnerabilities . These capabilities could enable lower-skilled bad actors to engage in cybercrime. Source: https://dailyai.com/2024/04/llm-agents-can-autonomously-exploit-one-day-vulnerabilities/ submitted by /u/UpvoteBeast [link] [comments]

• What is Jailbreaking in LLMs explained
  by /u/mehul_gupta1997 (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 27, 2024 at 5:49 am

  Checkout this short tutorial to understand what is Jailbreaking in context of LLMs : https://youtu.be/HWDtejybDJA?si=bL53JcCUCmWCxt4e submitted by /u/mehul_gupta1997 [link] [comments]

• AI Movie Production
  by /u/DonQuixoteDeOC (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 27, 2024 at 4:41 am

  Hollywood seems to be making a mistake by not evaluating/investing in AI movie production. Which companies do you know exploring this? submitted by /u/DonQuixoteDeOC [link] [comments]

• One-Minute Daily AI News 4/26/2024
  by /u/Excellent-Target-847 (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 27, 2024 at 3:32 am

  Nexus AI – The World’s First AI Trading Bot Is Now Officially Available.[1] Apple has reportedly resumed talks with OpenAI to build a chatbot for the iPhone.[2] Photo-sharing community EyeEm will license users’ photos to train AI if they don’t delete them.[3] Ex-Steam Labs dev claims 1,000 Steam games use generative AI.[4] Sources included at: https://bushaicave.com/2024/04/26/4-26-2024/ submitted by /u/Excellent-Target-847 [link] [comments]

• GPT4 prompts for writing 🖋👾
  by /u/No-Transition3372 (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 27, 2024 at 1:25 am

  submitted by /u/No-Transition3372 [link] [comments]

• Eyes Towards Camera Orientation
  by /u/fraktall (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 27, 2024 at 12:23 am

  Is there a paid API or an open source model that does eye orientation at the camera similar to what NVIDIA has in NVIDIA Broadcast? The input would be a video (not an image). submitted by /u/fraktall [link] [comments]

• Training LLM's on Reddit?
  by /u/BobBanderling (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 26, 2024 at 11:45 pm

  I just had a thought... Think about the way you read Reddit. You read the things that end up in your feed based on your preferences and popularity. Anything you are interested in that is also incredibly popular has thousands of posts. You scroll through some, maybe find a thread or two that you resonate with and delve further into, but nobody is reading 3000 comments on a single Reddit, but LLM's are. Sometimes you post something you think is incredibly deep and thoughtful, only to realize nobody will ever see it because there are already thousands of comments. Sometimes you find a comment you like enough that you look at the post history of the person that made it. An LLM can do that with every poster. Really makes you think... submitted by /u/BobBanderling [link] [comments]

• Prompt generators for GPT4 & GPT-Teams
  by /u/No-Transition3372 (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 26, 2024 at 11:23 pm

  submitted by /u/No-Transition3372 [link] [comments]

• A Daily chronicle of AI Innovations April 26th 2024: 💰 Elon Musk raises $6B to compete with OpenAI 🤖 Sanctuary AI unveils next-gen robots; 💻 CIOs go big on AI! 🧬 Moderna and OpenAI partner to accelerate drug development 📱 Samsung and Google tease collaborative AI features for Android ❗
  by /u/enoumen (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 26, 2024 at 11:19 pm

  submitted by /u/enoumen [link] [comments]

• A semantic cache for your LLMs
  by /u/shivendrasoni (Artificial Intelligence Gateway) on April 26, 2024 at 11:15 pm

  Hi all, As AI applications gain traction, the costs and latency of using large language models (LLMs) can escalate. SemanticCache addresses these issues by caching LLM responses based on semantic similarity, thereby reducing both costs and response times. I have built a simple implementation of a caching layer for LLMs. The idea is that like normal caching we should be able to cache responses from our LLMs as well and return them incase of 'similar queries'. Semantic Cache leverages the power of LLMs to provide two main advantages: Lower Costs: It minimizes the number of direct LLM requests, thereby saving on usage costs. Faster Responses: By caching, it significantly reduces latency, offering quicker feedback to user queries. (not a lot right now, but can improve with time). Would love for you all to take a look and provide feedback (and stars), feel free to fork and raise PRs or Issues for feature request and bugs. It doesn't have a pip package yet, but I will be publishing one soon. https://github.com/shivendrasoni/semantic-cache submitted by /u/shivendrasoni [link] [comments]